Ancient Coin Stories

The first known temple to Demeter is constructed at Eleusis.

The Eleusinian Mysteries are founded in Eleusis per Aristotle.

The Proerosia, a festival and sacrifice, is established at Eleusis.

Temple of Athena Polias completed in Athens.

Approximate year when Athens sends the Olympic victor Phrynon to capture Sigeion. He duels Pittakos but is defeated when the latter uses a net.

Solon, the Athenian lawgiver, includes provisions for the protection of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Salamis becomes a possession of Athens after a war between Athens and Megara.

Solonian law established in Athens.

Athens has control over Sigeion.

Pesistratos becomes tyrant of Athens.

Pisistratos ousted from office in Athens when two rival factions join.

Miltiades, the son of Kimon of Athens settles with colonists in Kardia.

Pisistratos lands at Marathon and routes an Athenian force. He becomes tyrant of Athens again.

The tyrant Peisistratos of Athens enhances the sanctuary at Eleusis, commissioning extensive building projects and promoting the Mysteries as part of Athenian culture.

Approximate date of Pisistratos of Athens‘ decree that all graves within sight of the temple at Delos be dug up and moved.

Death of the tyrant Pisistratos, tyrant of Athens.

Aegina’s navy captures Athenians involved in a conflict between Athens and Megara.

Hippias, the son of Pesistratos, is banished from Athens and spends time ruling Sigeion.

Chalkis is defeated by Athens in the Battle of Chalkis. As a result, Athens takes control of much of Euboea’s land and imposes a tribute on the city.

Aristagoras of Miletos asks Athens for help in the Ionian Revolt.

Athens, Eretria, and the Ionian cities are defeated by the Persians at the Battle of Ephesos.

Aegina and Thebes give “earth and water” to the Persians under Darius I.

Temple of Aphaia completed at Aegina.

As punishment for their support of the Persians, Athens besieges Paros after a heavy fine is rejected. After 26 days, the Athenians are forced to depart.

Athens and Eleusis are burnt and destroyed by the Persians. Elataia and Lilaia are also burnt.

Thorax of Larissa helps Xerxes in his march towards Athens.

Faced with the Persian invasion, the Greeks ask Korkyra for aid. They supply 80 ships, but they don’t arrive in time for the Battle of Salamis. Many Greeks believe this was deliberate.

Melos refuses to submit to the Persians and instead provide two triremes to the Greeks that participate in the Battle of Salamis.

The Greek allies are forced to withdraw against the Persians in the Battle of Artemisium. Afterwards the Persians occup Histaia. The Greek fleet is supplied by Athens, Chalkis, Sparta, Troizen, Opuntian Lokris, Corinth, Megara, Epidauros, Aegina, Sikyon, and Kios.

Aegina plays a significant role in the Greek naval victory against the Persian Empire in the Battle of Salamis. Byblos, Arados, Tyre, Halikarnassos under Artemisia, Kos, and Sidon support Darius. Chalkis and Kythnos support the Greek effort. Alexander I serves as a peace negotiator on behalf of the Persians.

The Greek alliance, consisting of Aegina, Athens, Corinth, Megara, Thespiai, Orchomenos, Epidauros, Troizen, Halieis, Elis, Hermione, and Sparta defeate the Persians and Thebes at the Battle of Plataea.

Lampsakos joins the Delian League and is assessed 12 talents by Athens.

The Athenian commander Xanthippos, acting for angry citizens of Elaia, nails the despot Artayctes to a board in Madytos and lets his opponents stone him.

Paros sides with Xerxes but their contingent is inactive at Kythnos. For this, Athens enacts a heavy fine.

Sestos is besieged by Athens under Xanthippus. They surrender due to starvation.

The Persians are defeated at the Battle of Mykale. An alliance of Athens, Sparta, Samos, and Corinth. As a result, Chios, Kos, and Ephesos are liberated from Persian rule. The Greek fleet sets sail from Knidos.

Delian League founded by Athens, with its regular meeting place at Delos. Ephesos, Phokaia, Gargara, and Eresos are members.

Rhodes is liberated from Persia by soldiers from Athens.

Athens forcefully establishes a Cleruchy on Andros as punishment for their support of Xerxes.

The Athenian Themistokles is given control over Magnesia ad Maeander.

Athenians create a colony in Eion, just south of Amphipolis.

Athens attacks and takes over Karystos as punishment for their support of Xerxes.

Approximate time when Sestos is retaken by Kimon of Athens.

The Persians is performed by Aeschylus in Athens. Its setting is Susa.

Naxos attempts to leave the Delian League and are severely punished by Athens.

Athens under Kimon attacks Phaselis and places it in the Delian League.

The Athenian colony near Amphipolis is annihilated by the Thracians, with ten thousand colonists killed.

The Athenian navy under Kiimon destroys the Persians at the Battle of the Eurymedon. As a result, Aspendos and Knidos join the Delian League.

Athens, aligned with Sparta, sends a force of 4000 soldiers to help squash a helot uprising. Upon arriving in Sparta, they are dismissed while other allies remain. Angered, Athens repudiates their treaty with Sparta.

Thasos rebels against Athenian rule and is besieged.

Thasos is finally taken by Athens and are forced to tear down their walls.

Argos joins an alliance with Athens and Thessaly.

Athens lays siege to Aegina as part of the Peloponnesian War.

Kelenderis becomes the eastern-most member of the Delian League, headed by Athens.

Megara and Corinth go to war. Athens supports Megara and obtains access to the Isthmus of Corinth.

Athenians attempt to land at Halieis but are repulsed by Sikyon.

Aegina is defeated by Athens, forced to join the Delian League, and pay tribute. Athens dismantles Aegina’s naval fleet, reducing its power and independence significantly.

Sparta defeats Athens, with 1000 hoplites from Argos, in the Battle of Tanagra. Casualties are heavy on both sides.

Sparta defeats Athens in the Battle of Tanagra.

Athens under Tolmides lands at Sikyon and defeats them.

Athens destroys the walls of Tanagra.

The Athenians under Myronides unsuccessfully besiege Pharsalos.

First mention of Airai in tribute records to Athens.

The shared treasury of the Delian League is transferred from Delos to Athens.

Kyrene gives refuge to Athenian soldiers who had been defeated by the Persians in Egypt.

Sikyon is again defeated by Athens, this time under Perikles, though the city is not taken due to help from Sparta.

Erythrai secedes from the Delian League before Athens installs a garrison and they rejoin.

The alliance of Athens, Argos, and Thessaly dissolves.

Peace of Kallias, an agreement between Athens and Persia after a series of conflicts between them. In Cyprus, Amathos, Kelenderis, and Salamis remain under Persian control but maintains its local autonomy. Ephesos, Miletos, Priene, Klazomenai, and Phokaia also obtain some autonomy.

Athens founds a colony on Imbros.

An Athenian fleet under Kimon departs Kition and is attacked by a Persian fleet near Salamis. The Athenians win the encounter.

Athens establishes a fleet at Tenedos.

Kimon of Athens frees Marion from the Persians.

Construction of the Parthenon in Athens begins.

Athens is defeated by Boeotia (led by Thebes) at the Battle of Koroneia.

Pericles oversees the construction of new buildings at Eleusis, including the grand Telesterion (Initiation Hall), which serves as the central site for the Mysteries.

The Thirty Years’ Peace is signed between Athens and Sparta where they recognize each others rights to direct their own alliances.

The Revolt of Euboea occurs against Athenian control. Chalkis is once again subdued by Athens, and a garrison is established to control the city. Histaia is particularly punished, with its inhabitants expelled and replaced by 2000 colonists.

Megara revolts against Athens and is supported by Sikyon.

Athens makes Nymphaion its military base in the region.

Thourion founded by settlers from Athens and exiles from Sybaris.

Samos revolts from Athens. Sparta considers war in their support, but the matter is put to a vote and Corinth disagrees. Peace between Sparta and Athens continues and Athens squashes the revolt.

The famed Athenian playwright Sophocles is named general against the Anaians.

Construction of the Athena Parthenos in Athens is completed.

Athenians found a new colony at Amphipolis under the general Hagnon.

The Battle of Sybota takes place between Corinth and Korkyra over control of the latter. Korkyra was aided by Athens, while Corinth was joined by Ambrakia. Corinth was forced to withdraw.

Athens imposes trade sanctions on citizens of Megara, which angers the Spartans and is one of the causes of the Peloponnesian War.

Anaxagoras retires to Lampsakos after a trial in Athens.

The Athenian general Phormio makes his base at Aphytis and leads his army against Pallene. He also takes Argos Amphilochian, removes the Ambrakians, and restores the town to the original inhabitants.

Decorations completed on the Parthenon in Athens.

Athens instructs Potidai to tear down its walls. Corinth persuades them to revolt.

Spartans vote that Athens has violated the Thirty Years’ Peace and declares war. The Peloponnesian War begins.

Athens unsuccessfully besieges Pydna.

Pericles gives his famous funeral oration in Athens.

Several Thessalian cities provide aid to Athens at the start of the Peloponnesian War, notably Gyrton, Larissa, Krannon, Pharsalos, and Pherai.

Kranion, Same, Pale, and Pronnoi join the Athenian alliance without force.

Leukas sides with Sparta over Athens in the Peloponnesian War.

Thebes attempts to reduce Plataea but are prevented by Athens.

Athens defeats Potidaia and Corinth at the Battle of Potidaia, then places Potidaia under siege. Due to the costs of maintaining it, it is eventually removed.

The Plague kills 30,000 people in Athens, including Pericles and his sons.

Athens lands at Epidauros and ravages its territory, then proceeds to Troizen, Hermione, and Halieis, where they do the same.

Athenians restore Kynes, son of Thelytos, to the throne in Koronta.

Kydonia is attacked by Athens after pro-Spartan accusations by Gortyna.

Athenians, needing money for a siege of Mytilene, attempt to take it from Carian cities but are attacked and defeated by soldiers of Anaia.

Antissa and Mytilene revolt from Athens during the Peloponnesian War. Athens forces both cities back into its orbit. Hamaxitos is taken from Mytilene.

Eresos, Antissa, Pyrrha, Mytilene, and Methymna, revolt against Athenian domination during the Peloponnesian War. The revolt is crushed by Athens, and Eresos is punished with the loss of its autonomy.

Athens detaches Kolone , Ophrynion, and Larissa Ptolemais from Mytilene in punishment for their revolt.

Athens attempts to invade Aetolia, but is forced back by the Aetolian League.

Ambrakia is crushed by Athens in the Battle of Idomene in an attempt to re-take Argos Amphilochian.

Athens decrees that it is illegal to be born or die on Delos.

Medeion is crossed by the Spartan army on its march to the Battle of Olpai, where Athens defeated them.

Athens attacks the countryside of Melos.

Athens defeats Thebes and Tanagra at the Second Battle of Tanagra.

The Battle of Sphacteria between Athens and Sparta is fought at the entrance to the Bay of Pylos, resulting in an Athenian victory. Ainos, Imbros, and the cities of Lemnos (Myrina, Hephaistia) provide support.

Anaktorion is captured by the Acarnanians and Athenians during the Peloponnesian War. The Acarnanians expel the Corinthians from the city, and Anaktorion becomes part of the Acarnanian League.

Athens defeats Sparta at the Battle of Pylos and traps 420 Spartans.

Athens demands that Melos pay tribute, but they refuse.

The Spartan general Brasidas convinces Akanthos to leave the Athenian Alliance.

Temple of Athena Nike is built in Athens.

Citizens of Mende and Potidaia flee to Olynthos after rebelling against Athens.

Athens under Demosthenes invade Sikyon, but are repelled by them.

Thebes and Thespiai defeat Athens at the Battle of Delium.

The Athenian general Kleon recaptures Galepsos.

Mende attempts to revolt against Athenian rule, but is repressed.

Skione revolts against Athens and is besieged by them.

The Athenian general Kleon attempts to take Amphipolis, but fails in the attempt. Both Kleon and the Spartan general Brasidas perish.

Argos organizes an alliance with Mantinea, Corinth, Elis, and Thebes against Athens and Sparta.

The Peace of Nikias between Athens and Sparta is signed after the deaths of Cleon and Brasidas. They agree to break up the Chalkidian League, but this is not done.

Athens settles Spartan helot deserters and Messenians from Pylos at Kranion.

Athens transports the Spartan helots and Messenians previously moved to Kranion back to Pylos to annoy Sparta.

Sikyon and Corinth prevent Athens under Alkibiades from fortifying Rhion.

Sparta and their allies Tegea defeat Athens and their allies Argos, Mantineia, Kleonai, and Aegina in the Battle of Mantineia. As part of the truce, Argos gives up its alliance with Athens and Elis, Orchomenos is given to Sparta, and Athens is evicted from Epidauros.

Sparta deposits hostages at Orchomenos, but when the army of Athens approaches, they are quickly given up.

Athens surrounds Melos and demands they ally with them. When the Melians reject, all adult males are slaughtered and the women and children are sold into slavery.

The Sicilian expedition of Athens against Syracuse departs. Ainos, Argos, Mantineia, and Elis provide support. Akragas remains neutral.

Kentoripai surrenders to the Athenians.

Metapontion provides a small support force to Athens against Syracuse.

The Athenian general Demosthenes takes aboard heavy infantry from Zakynthos and Kephallenia (likely including Same) and crosses over to the opposite coast of Akarnania to Alyzeia and Anaktorion, already held by Athens.

The Athenian forces in Sicily are destroyed by Syracuse.

A group of Thracians, whom Athens were sending home, landed at Mykalessos and slaughtered everyone, including women and children.

Athens regains control over Thourion.

Under Darius I’s orders, Tissaphernes allies with Sparta over Athens and re-occupies most of the Ionian coast.

Chios, Kalchedon, Erythrai, and Klazomenai revolt against Athens and is besieged until relieved by Sparta.

Euromos and Phokaia are among the Carian cities that revolt against Athens during the Peloponnesian War.

Eresos leaves Athens and joins Sparta in an unsuccessful attempt on Methymna.

Andros proclaims its freedom from Athens.

Sparta defeats the Athenian fleet based in Samos.

Sparta takes Byzantion in an effort to force Athens into submission.

During the Peloponnesian War, Chalkis secedes from the Athenian alliance but eventually rejoins before the war’s end in 404 BCE. Histaia is the only Euboian city that does not defect.

The Athenian general Thrasyllos barely escapes with his fleet from Sestos to Elaios.

An Athenian fleet under Thrasybulus barely defeats a Spartan fleet at the Battle of Kynossema. Three days afterward, several boats from Harpagion are captured.

Sparta sets sail from Knidos and arrives at Kamiros with 94 ships. The inhabitants are at first terrified, but then the Spartans convince all of Rhodes to secede from Athens.

Athens attacks Knidos and nearly takes it, but the next day the inhabitants strengthen their fortifications and resist. The Athenians then return to Samos.

Madytos and Parion serve as bases for the Athenian navy.

Thasos defects from the Delian League, but Neapolis remains loyal to Athens.

Samos serves as a temporary home for the Athenian democracy.

An Athenian fleet under Alkibiades, Thrasybulos, and Theramenes defeats the Spartans at the Battle of Kyzikos. Afterwards, Sparta offers peace but is rejected.

Kos is sacked again, this time by Athenians under Alkibiades, who then fortifies the city.

Neapolis is besieged by Thasos, causing Athens to besiege Thasos and praise Neapolis.

Athens under Theramenes remove the oligarchy in Paros and replace it with a democracy.

Prokonnesos is conquered for Athens by Alkibiades.

King Archelaos of Macedonia besieges Pydna from land, while Athens besieges it from sea. The location of the city is then moved by Archelaos, but the citizens later move it back.

Abydos attacked by Athens but repelled by Pharnabazos.

Abdera subjugated under Athens by their general Thrasybulus.

Athens attempts to force Andros back into its orbit, but fails.

The Athenians under Alkibiades sail from Mytilene and attempt to do battle with Kyme. When no one fights, they ravage the territory and return to Mytilene.

Thasos expels its Spartan contingent and admits Athens under Thrasyboulos.

Athens under Alkibiades and Sparta under Lysander face off in the Battle of Notion. Sparta loses more ships, but Athens faces heavy losses when many are not rescued at sea. The resulting trial strips Alkibiades and the other Athenian generals of command.

Lysander destroys the Athenian fleet at the mouth of the Aigiospotamoi. Just before, the Athenian triremes arrive at Elaios to discover that Lysander is in control of Lampsakos.

Sparta expels the Athenian colonists on Melos and returns the survivors of the siege.

Peloponnesian War ends in an Athenian surrender, and as a result Adramytteion is ruled by Mytilene. Residents of Aegina are allowed to return to their island.

Delos regains control over their sanctuary and island following Athens‘ defeat in the Peloponnesian War.

The Athenian exile Alkibiades is executed at his house in Persia, possibly at the order of Pharnabazos.

Hamaxitos gains some freedom after Athens is defeated in the Peloponnesian War.

The Spartans under Agesilaos II attack and Persia. Artaxerxes II retaliates by bribing Corinth, Thebes, and Athens to make war on Sparta.

The Athamanians leave Sparta and join an Athenian alliance.

Athens begins administering the sanctuary at Delos again.

The Spartan admiral Peisander is defeated and killed by a fleet headed by Pharnabazos and former Athenian admiral Konon at the Battle of Knidos.

Sparta, Orchomenos, and Phokis defeat Argos, Athens, Lokris, Euboia, Corinth, the Ainianes, and Thebes at the Battle of Koroneia (the sequel).

Sparta and their allies, including Sikyon and Tegea, defeat Athens and their allies at the Battle of Nemea. On Athens side are Thebes, Lokris Opuntii, and Corinth. With Sparta are Halieis, Sikyon, Epidauros, Troizen, and Hermione. Phlious remains neutral. Pellene fights on the side of Sparta against Thespiai.

Pharnabazos travels to Corinth and provides them with funds to rebuild their fleet, then he provides Athens the funds to rebuild their long walls.

Iphikrates of Athens defeats Phlious.

Sestos is occupied by Athenian soldiers under Konon.

Tiribazos provides funds to rebuild the Spartan fleet to contend with Athens.

Iphikrates of Athens regains the long walls of Corinth and advances against Phlious and Sikyon.

The Athenian general Thrasybulos threatens Aspendos. The inhabitants collect money to bribe him to leave, but he still orders his trips to trample their crops. Enraged, the Aspendians stab and kill him.

Pharaoh Hakor negotiates a treaty with Athens.

Amyntas III adopts the Athenian general Iphikrates, who has marriage ties to Kotys I.

The Academy in Athens is founded by Plato.

Eresos, Byzantion, Chios,Mytilene, Methymna, Rhodes, Thebes, Korkyra, Eretria, Kios, Samos, Naxos, Andros, Myrina (Lembos), Hephaistia, Imbros, and Thasos join the Second Athenian League, reaffirming its alliance with Athens in response to the growing threat of Persian interference and internal Greek conflicts.

Naval battle is fought near Alyzeia between Athenians under Timotheos and Spartans under Nikolochos.

The Chalkidian League leave Sparta and join and alliance with Athens, but that soon falls out over ownership of Amphipolis.

Stratos joins the second Athenian Empire.

Thebes subdues Thespiai and forces its citizens to flee to Athens.

Iphikrates of Athens invades Thyrrheion.

The Athenian general Iphikrates flees to Antissa after falling out of favor with his father-in-law Kotys I.

Amyntas III supports Athens‘ claim over Amphipolis.

Persia under Artaxerxes II provides funds to Sparta to continue the Spartan-Theban war. They probably also provide funds to Athens.

Sparta, Athens, Pellene, and Sikyon attempt to stop Thebes under Epaminondas by guarding the fort of Oneion near Corinth. Epaminondas gets around them and attacks Sikyon, Pellene, Epidauros, and unsuccessfully attempts to take Corinth.

Athenian forces under Chares relieve Phlious, which was besieged by Arkadians and Argives.

Eudoxos assumes the head of the Academy at Athens while Plato is in Syracuse.

Autophradates lay siege to Ariobarzanes in Assos. In exchange for Athenian support, Ariobarzanes gifts them Sestos.

Athens under the general Chares attempt to take Oropos, which had been taken by Sikyon with the support of Thebes, but the Athenians are forced to withdraw.

Samos is taken by Athens after a siege of eleven months.

Athenians under Timotheios conquer Sestos and Krithote.

Euphron with the help of Athens recaptures Sikyon, except for the akropolis, which is guarded by a Theban garrison.

Ioulis leads a revolt against Athens on Kea.

Potidaia is taken by Athens.

With Theban power down after the death of Epaminondas, Alexander of Pherai takes Tinos and sells the inhabitants as slaves, then besieges Peparethos. Athens defeats Alexander near Sounion and relieves Peparethos. Alexander then plunders Piraios.

Epaminondas and Boeotia defeat Sparta at the Battle of Mantinea. However, the death of Epaminondas would spell Thebes‘ downfall. On the side of Thebes were Tegea, Argos, Messene, Sikyon, and the Aenianians. On the side of Sparta were Heraia, Athens, Elis, and Mantinea.

Chares is given control of the Athenian fleet after Leosthenes’ defeat by Alexander of Pherai. Chares sails to Korkyra and manages to enrage them.

Philip II defeats a force of 3000 Athenian hoplites promoting a pretender Argaios II.

Chios, Paros, Rhodes, Kos, and Byzantion revolt against Athens in the Social War. Myrina and Hephaistia on Lemnos and Imbros (Athenian allies) are ravaged and Samos is besieged. After bungling by the Athenian general Chares, Persia demands Athens leave and Athens, running out of money, complies.

Kersebleptes, in a bid against Philip II, turns over all the cities of the Chersonese to Athens except for Kardia.

Philip II takes Pydna. He is supposed to give up Amphipolis to Athens in exchange, but ends up keeping both cities.

Chares given joint command of the Athenian forces. They choose not to engage with the enemy, and Chares and Aristophon prosecute their colleague Iphicrates for the event. He is acquitted.

Ketriporis enters an alliance with Athens, the Illyrians, and the Paeonians (probably under Lykkeios) against Philip II.

Chares takes up service with the breakaway satrap Artabazos. Artaxerxes III Okhos pressures Athens, and Chares is forced to leave. Artabazos then hires Thebans.

Athens sends Chares against the breakaway Sestos. He takes the city, massacres the men, and sells the women and children as slaves.

Demetrios of Phaleron is born in Phaleron, a port of Athens.

Athens sends Chares to aid Olynthos. He attempts to ambush Philip II at Neapolis, but is easily tricked and accomplishes nothing.

When Philip II marches against Kersebleptes, Athenian troops under Chares are sent against Macedonia. However, they soon disappear and Athens has no idea what happened to them.

Delos appeals to Philip II of Macedon to intervene in Athens control over them, but he chooses not to go against Athens at the time.

The major cities in Cyprus – Salamis under Pnytagoras, Kourion, Paphos, and Soloi – rebel against Artaxerxes III Okhos. He sends Idreios along with the Athenian Phokion to quell the rebellion.

The Athenians attempt to place more settlers in Kardia, but they are repulsed. Philip II sends troops in aid.

Parties friendly to Philip II take over Histaia, but Athens send troops and retakes the city.

Demosthenes gives an oration against Philip II to his fellow Athenians concerning the conflict at Kardia.

A stele from this year puts Elaios in charge of Chares of Athens and provides privileges to its inhabitants.

Chares is sent by Athens to aid Byzantion against Philip II. However, Byzantion refuses to open their gates to him and he accomplishes nothing.

Ambrakia is besieged by Philip II of Macedon. Although Corinth and Athens come to its aid and prevent its complete destruction, Ambrakia is forced to accept a Macedonian garrison.

Alexander III and Philip II defeat Thebes at the Battle of Chaeronea. Argos and Stratos fight on the side of Philip, while Corinth, Megara, Epidauros, and Troizen participate with Thebes. Chares is one of the Athenian commanders, but escapes blame.

Chares is sent by Athens to help Amphissa, but he is defeated by Philip II.

Antipater is sent by Philip II to Athens to negotiate a peace treaty.

The Aetolian League, Athens, and Thebes revolt against Macedon after the death of Philip II.

The Lyceum is founded in Athens by Aristotle.

Aristotle returns to Athens from Mytilene.

A food crisis erupts in the Greek world that was likely caused by Alexander the Great’s campaigns in the East, which disrupted traditional trade routes. Kyrene sends grain to many cities including Athens, Sparta, Rhodes, Thebes, Argos, and Atrax.

The Lamian War breaks out, pitting Athens, Thebes, Megara, Argos, and the Aetolian League against Antipater of Macedon.

Antipater barricaded in Herakleia Trachineia by Athens during the Lamian War.

Antipater and Krateros defeat Athens and the Aetolian League at the Battle of Krannon.

Kleitos the White defeats the Athenian fleet near Amorgos.

Athens and the Aetolian League leave their baggage at Melitaia before attacking Leonnatos.

Salamis surrenders to Kassander.

Kassander appoints Demetrios of Phaleron to administer Athens.

Antigonos I Monophthalmos Declaration of Tyre grants autonomy to all Greek cities. While its effects weren’t the same everywhere, it allowed Delos to regain control of its Temple to Apollo from Athens.

Antigonos Monophthalmos gives Athens grain and timber and removes his garrison from Imbros, giving the island back to Athens.

Demetrios Poliorketes takes Athens from Kassander and forces Demetrios of Phaleron to flee to Thebes.

Marriage of Demetrios Poliorketes to Eurydike, an Athenian noblewoman and the widow of Ophellas of Kyrene.

Demetrios Poliorketes pushes Kassander out of Athens and chases him to Herakleia Trachineia, who submit to him.

Demetrios Poliorketes re-establishes the Corinthian League while at Athens.

Pleistarchos, Eupolemos and Kassander are defeated at the Diplyon Gate – the only double gate for Athens – by the Athenians while trying to re-install Demetrios of Phaleron.

Athens and Sikyon form an alliance, the nature of which is not known.

Demetrios Poliorketes besieges Athens, which comes under the tyranny of Lachares.

Demetrios Poliorketes takes control of Athens and pardons its citizens for their resistance to him.

Demetrios Poliorketes besieges Athens but is unsuccessful.

Athens receives 7,500 medimnoi of wheat from Paeonia under Audoleon.

Athens is convinced by Chremonides to join Sparta in declaring war on Antigonos II.

Antigonos II blockades Athens and destroys a temple to Poseidon between it and Megara. Ptolemy II sends a fleet to break the blockade.

Athens and Sparta make peace with Antigonos II, who maintains his hold on Greece.

Aratos restores Salamis to Athens.

The Achaean League takes control of Aegina, but it is soon captured by Rome.

The Social War begins, pitting members of the Achaian League, including Aegira, Patrai, Dyme, Bura, Sikyon, Corinth, Megalopolis, Messenia, Argos, Elis, and Macedon, against Sparta under King Kleomenes III, who were supported by the Aetolian League and Athens.

Aegina is briefly occupied by Aetolians.

During the Second Macedonian War between Rome and Philip V of Macedon, Aegira, the Aetolian League, Corinth, Sikyon, Patrai, Athens, Pergamon, and Rhodes support Rome.

The Roman Senate gives Delos to Athens.

Athens is sacked by the Romans.

During the First Mithridatic War, the Roman general Sulla sacks Aegina as he attempts to defeat Mithridates VI of Pontus.

Peparethos is gifted by Marc Antony to Athens.

Karthaia and Ioulis on Keos are gifted by Athens to Marc Antony.

The Emperor Nero travels to Greece and visits Athens, Olympia, Delphi, Epidauros, and Thebes.

Hadrian briefly serves as ruler of Athens and is granted Athenian citizenship.

Hadrian visits Athens again.

Hadrian is initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Hadrian devotes considerable resources to complete the Temple of Olympian Zeus, under construction for centuries in Athens.

Hadrian spends the winter in Athens amd dedicates the Temple of Olympian Zeus.

The sanctuary at Eleusis is damaged during a raid by the Costoboci, but it is quickly restored with Roman funds.

Marcus Aurelius and Commodus are initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Aegina is damaged in raids by Goths.

Julian II sent to study in Athens.

Julian II is inducted into the Eleusinian Mysteries.

Emperor Julian, known as “Julian the Apostate” for his attempts to restore paganism, is initiated into the Eleusinian Mysteries and actively promotes them, opposing the spread of Christianity.

Alaric I destroys Eleusis.

The Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I issues edicts prohibiting pagan rituals and closes many pagan temples, including the sanctuary at Eleusis.

The Eleusinian Mysteries are definitively ended as a religious practice following further imperial decrees.

The author of this page visits Athens for the first time.

The author of this page returns to Athens to pick up his wife.

The author of this page visits Eleusis and follows the sacred path.

The author of this page and his wife return to Athens and enjoy one last sunset before leaving Greece.