Clasped Hands

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The depiction of clasped hands on ancient Roman coinage symbolized themes of unity, concord, and mutual agreement. Known as dextrarum iunctio (the joining of right hands), this motif conveyed a powerful message of cooperation and goodwill, often in the context of political alliances, marriages, or treaties. By featuring this imagery on coins, the Roman state communicated ideals of harmony and stability to its citizens and subjects.

One of the primary uses of clasped hands on Roman coins was to represent political unity or reconciliation. This imagery often appeared during times of transition or political consolidation, such as the formation of alliances between powerful figures or the establishment of peace treaties. For instance, coins minted during the reign of Augustus might depict clasped hands alongside other symbols of stability, such as an olive branch or cornucopia, reinforcing his role as a unifier of the Roman world after decades of civil war.

The clasped hands motif also had strong personal and ceremonial connotations, particularly in relation to marriage and familial bonds. Coins issued to celebrate imperial marriages often included this imagery, symbolizing the union of two prominent families or the strengthening of dynastic ties. This visual shorthand highlighted the importance of such unions in maintaining the continuity and legitimacy of Roman rule.

In addition to its political and familial meanings, the motif could carry religious and cultural significance. The act of clasping hands was associated with solemn oaths and sacred agreements, underscoring the trust and commitment between parties. When depicted on coins, it served as a reminder of the moral and social values that upheld the Roman state, such as loyalty, fidelity, and the sanctity of contracts.

The clasped hands motif was often accompanied by inscriptions or additional symbols that clarified its specific context. For example, a coin might pair clasped hands with the legend CONCORDIA (harmony) to emphasize the theme of unity. Other coins might include representations of deities like Concordia or Fides, reinforcing the divine sanction of the depicted alliance or agreement.