Dolphin

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In ancient Greek culture, dolphins were highly regarded creatures, symbolizing a variety of positive attributes, including intelligence, harmony, protection, and the link between the natural and divine worlds. Dolphins’ graceful and playful behavior, their association with the sea, and their perceived interaction with humans all contributed to their symbolism in Greek mythology and art.

One of the most prominent symbolic roles of dolphins in ancient Greece was their association with Poseidon, the god of the sea. Dolphins were often depicted as his companions or messengers, symbolizing the power and life-giving force of the ocean. As Poseidon ruled over both the waters and the creatures that inhabited them, the dolphin became a symbol of the harmonious balance between human life and the sea. Dolphins were believed to bring favor to sailors, ensuring safe passage and protection from the dangers of the ocean. This connection to Poseidon also gave dolphins an aura of benevolence, as they were seen as protectors of those who respected the sea.

In addition to their association with Poseidon, dolphins were linked to Apollo, the god of music, prophecy, and healing. According to myth, Apollo was once pursued by the serpent Pytho, but he escaped by turning into a dolphin. This myth led to the dolphin becoming a symbol of Apollo’s transformative power and his connection to music, as dolphins were often seen as graceful and melodious creatures, perhaps due to their clicks and whistles, which the Greeks might have interpreted as a form of song. In fact, Apollo’s temple at Delphi, which was one of the most important religious centers in ancient Greece, featured dolphin symbolism as part of its iconography, linking the creature to prophecy and divine wisdom.

Dolphins also had a strong association with humanity and friendship, representing a peaceful and cooperative relationship between humans and nature. Numerous myths tell of dolphins saving sailors from shipwrecks, guiding them to safety, or even carrying individuals to land when they were lost at sea. In these stories, dolphins are portrayed as compassionate creatures, acting as mediators between the human world and the often unpredictable and perilous sea. This benevolent nature helped cement the dolphin as a symbol of good fortune and hope, particularly for those dependent on the sea for their livelihood.

Aegina, Attica 350-338 BCE Aegina, Islands off Attica 360-350 BCE Aegina, Islands off Attica 370-350 BCE Ariarathes I 325 BCE Attaleia, Pamphylia 159-100 BCE Azemilkos of Tyre 340/39 BCE Byzantion 340-320 BCE Istros, Moesia 350-250 BCE Karkinitis, Tauric Chersonesos 300-290 BCE Keramos, Caria 4th century BCE Kisthene, Mysia 4th century BCE Kromna, Paphlagonia 330-300 BCE Lampsakos, Mysia 350-250 BCE Mantineia, Arkadia 370-240 BCE Megara 3rd-2nd cent BCE Mylasa 4th Century BCE Mylasa, Ionia 4th Century BCE Naulochos 350-340 BCE Nisyros, Islands off Caria 4th-3rd cent BCE Olbia, Scythia 437-410 BCE Olous, Crete 300-270 BCE Pale, Kephallenia 4th Century BCE Patrai, Achaia 45-40 BCE Phalasarna, Crete 3rd-2nd cent BCE Pordoselene, Aeolis 400 BCE Priansos, Crete 320-270 BCE Troizen, Argolis 330-300 BCE Vitellius 69 CE