The jawbone appears as a symbol on a number of ancient Greek coins, and its representation carries both mythological and cultural significance. It is most notably associated with the legendary Greek hero Herakles (Hercules in Roman mythology), particularly in connection with his Twelve Labors. The jawbone, often depicted as the lower jaw of an animal, is closely linked to the myth of Herakles’ victory over the Erymanthian Boar, one of his most famous labors. In this labor, Herakles had to capture the giant boar alive, and the jawbone of the boar became an emblem of his triumph over this fierce and dangerous creature. The use of the jawbone on coins thus symbolizes strength, victory, and the overcoming of seemingly insurmountable challenges.

The depiction of the jawbone also has symbolic associations with warrior culture and power in ancient Greece. As an image of a boar’s jawbone, it was a symbol of ferocity and bravery, reflecting the importance of these traits in Greek military ethos. The image on coins could evoke the idea of a warrior’s prowess in battle, especially in the context of victory over beasts or monstrous foes that stood as metaphors for enemies in war.

Furthermore, the jawbone could symbolize military success and the collective power of a city-state’s armed forces. By placing the jawbone on coinage, the issuing authority likely sought to invoke divine or heroic protection and favor, signaling to both the citizenry and potential adversaries that the city was under the protection of powerful figures like Herakles. This symbol also linked the local coinage to broader pan-Hellenic themes of heroism and the divine, ensuring that the coins were seen not only as currency but also as markers of a city’s cultural and military identity.