Lesbos
Traditional founding of Eresos, likely as part of the Aeolian Greek colonization of Lesbos.
The poetess Sappho, born in Eresos, becomes active.
The Battle of Lade is fought between the Ionians under Dionysos of Phokaia and the Persians. Chios has the largest contingent, followed by Miletos, Lesbos (probably Mytilene), Samos, Teos, Priene, Erythrai, Myos, and Phokaia. Most fled during the battle, but the Chians put up a bold resistance before defeat.
Peloponnesian War ends in an Athenian surrender, and as a result Adramytteion is ruled by Mytilene. Residents of Aegina are allowed to return to their island.
Eresos, Byzantion, Chios,Mytilene, Methymna, Rhodes, Thebes, Korkyra, Eretria, Kios, Samos, Naxos, Andros, Myrina (Lembos), Hephaistia, Imbros, and Thasos join the Second Athenian League, reaffirming its alliance with Athens in response to the growing threat of Persian interference and internal Greek conflicts.