The Sibyls were prophetic figures in ancient Greek and Roman mythology, revered for their ability to foretell the future and offer divine guidance. While their origins and specific roles varied across different cultures, Sibyls were generally depicted as women endowed with extraordinary insight, often said to be inspired or possessed by the gods. The term “Sibyl” is thought to have been derived from the Greek word “sibylla,” meaning prophetess, and their prophetic abilities were commonly attributed to divine intervention or a connection with the gods, especially Apollo.

In ancient Greek tradition, the most famous Sibyl was the Delphic Sibyl, who was believed to reside at the Oracle of Delphi, where she served as a divine prophetess alongside the priestess of Apollo. The Delphic Sibyl, like her counterparts, would enter into a trance-like state, often induced by the fumes from a chasm in the earth, and her utterances would be interpreted as divine prophecies. The words of the Sibyls were often cryptic and ambiguous, which added to their mystical allure and made them central to the interpretation of future events.

The role of the Sibyls expanded in the Roman period, where they were seen as prophetic figures who not only predicted future events but also served as advisors to kings and emperors. One of the most well-known Roman Sibyls was the Cumaean Sibyl, who lived in the city of Cumae in Italy. The Cumaean Sibyl was said to have possessed the power to prophesy the fate of Rome, including its rise and fall. According to legend, she offered her prophecies in a series of books, known as the Sibylline Books, which were consulted by Roman authorities during times of crisis, such as wars or natural disasters. The Sibylline Books were kept in the Temple of Jupiter in Rome and were considered crucial for guiding the state in its decisions.