Euboia

700 BCE

The Lelantine War between Chalkis and Eretria results in a Chalkis victory and Eretria’s loss of Andros, Tenos, and Koressos, Ioulis, and Karthaia on Kea. Miletos joined the side of Eretria and Samos and Thessaly on the side of Chalkis.

520 BCE

Glaukos, a boxer from Karystos, wins in the Olympic Games.

506 BCE

Chalkis is defeated by Athens in the Battle of Chalkis. As a result, Athens takes control of much of Euboea’s land and imposes a tribute on the city.

490 BCE

Karystos destroyed by the Persians.

480 BCE

Karystos, Andros, and Tenos ally with Xerxes and provide ships.

480 BCE
August 7

The Greek allies are forced to withdraw against the Persians in the Battle of Artemisium. Afterwards the Persians occup Histaia. The Greek fleet is supplied by Athens, Chalkis, Sparta, Troizen, Opuntian Lokris, Corinth, Megara, Epidauros, Aegina, Sikyon, and Kios.

480 BCE
September 26

Aegina plays a significant role in the Greek naval victory against the Persian Empire in the Battle of Salamis. Byblos, Arados, Tyre, Halikarnassos under Artemisia, Kos, and Sidon support Darius. Chalkis and Kythnos support the Greek effort. Alexander I serves as a peace negotiator on behalf of the Persians.

476 BCE

Athens attacks and takes over Karystos as punishment for their support of Xerxes.

446 BCE

The Revolt of Euboea occurs against Athenian control. Chalkis is once again subdued by Athens, and a garrison is established to control the city. Histaia is particularly punished, with its inhabitants expelled and replaced by 2000 colonists.

411 BCE

During the Peloponnesian War, Chalkis secedes from the Athenian alliance but eventually rejoins before the war’s end in 404 BCE. Histaia is the only Euboian city that does not defect.

360 BCE

Charidemos of Oreos takes Kebren, but is then pushed out by Artabazos.

341 BCE

Parties friendly to Philip II take over Histaia, but Athens send troops and retakes the city.

338 BCE

Karystos comes under Macedonian control.

313 BCE

Kassander besieges Histaia, but is forced to leave upon the approach of Ptolemy, a general of Antigonos Monophthalmos.

312 BCE

Pleistarchos serves as garrison commander in Chalkis.

207 BCE

The head of the Macedonian garrison in Histaia betrays the city to the Romans.

200 BCE

Romans assault and take Histaia.

198 BCE

Karystos is taken by the Romans, and due to its marble quarries becomes an important center.

196 BCE

The Roman Titus Quinctius Flamininus declares the freedom of all Greek states from Macedon at the Isthmian Games in Corinth. This includes Histaia.

192 BCE

Chalkis used as a base by Antiochos III for invading Greece.

88 BCE

Chalkis is used by Mithridates VI for invading Greece.

77 CE

Pliny the Elder mentions that Histaia no longer exists.