Samnium

388 BCE

Hipponion taken by Dionysios I of Syracuse.

378 BCE

The population of Hipponion returns to their city with the help of Carthage.

295 BCE

First mention of Aesernia, when it was already under Rome.

264 BCE

A colony with Latin rights is settled in Aesernia by Rome after the defeat of the Samnites.

209 BCE

Aesernia remains loyal to Rome during the Second Punic War against Carthage.

194 BCE

Hipponion becomes a Roman colony with the name of Vibo Valentia.

90 BCE

Aesernia is defended in the Social War against the Samnites by Marcus Claudius Marcellus, but is driven by famine to surrender.

88 BCE

The Samnites are defeated by Rome in the Social War. Because it had defected, Aesernia is severely punished and deserted by Sulla.

47 BCE

Julius Caesar founds a colony in Aesernia to house veterans of his conflict with Pompey.

19 BCE

Augustus settles veterans of his conflict with Marc Antony and Kleopatra in Aesernia.